Wave Propagation and Effective Refraction in Lorentz-Violating Wormhole Geometries
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A, vol.1, no.1, pp.1-6, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 1 Issue: 1
- Publication Date: 2026
- Doi Number: 10.1142/s0217732326502081
- Journal Name: MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A
- Journal Indexes: Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO), Scopus, Technology Collection (ProQuest), Aerospace Database, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), INSPEC, MathSciNet, zbMATH
- Page Numbers: pp.1-6
- Hakkari University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
We study the propagation of massless scalar waves in static, spherically symmetric Lorentz-violating wormhole spacetimes within a geometric-optical framework. Starting from a general metric characterized by an arbitrary lapse function and areal radius, we derive curvature invariants, establish regularity conditions at the wormhole throat, and reduce the Klein-Gordon equation to a Helmholtz-type radial wave equation. This formulation naturally leads to a position- and frequency-dependent effective refractive index determined by the underlying spacetime geometry and Lorentz-violating structure, resulting in effective frequency-dependent wave-optical behavior. We show that divergences of the refractive index coincide with Killing horizons, while curvature-induced turning points control reflection, transmission, and confinement of scalar waves. By analyzing constant, linear, and quadratic lapse profiles, we identify horizonless transmission regimes, asymmetric wave propagation, and multi-horizon trapping structures. Our results reveal that Lorentz violation can significantly modify wave-optical properties of curved spacetime, generating graded-index analogues and geometric confinement of modes without curvature singularities.